Just One Election in a Series

Many have said the 2016 election is an unusual one that forebodes further unrest. For context, one must go back to points of recent unrest in 1964 (Civil Rights marches), 1968 (Chicago riots), 1970 (67 rounds fired by the National Guard into a crowd killing four and wounding thirteen Kent State students during protest of Nixon’s incursion into Cambodia), 2000 (Supreme Court elects George W. Bush), 2007-9 Great Recession (8.9 million jobs lost; housing market collapses), 2010 (Supreme Court rules that first amendment protects money as a form of speech).

Given the mariner’s lifespan in history, he has watched the United States crumble slowly. The nation has lost its core value. Like a giant old tree that slowly grows rotten and hollow or an ash tree infected from within by ash borers, but still looks like a tree, the United States casts the shadow of a nation but it is closer to catastrophe than the inhabitants of the tree suspect.

In the spirit of W. Edwards Deming and Peter Drucker, two internationally renowned management theorists, every organizational structure is under pressure to change constantly. Efficiency is volatile if not carefully managed; employee performance drops the moment employees cease to be the most important product; the reason for existence at best is invisible but is more important to maintain than any other aspect of organization.

Deming in particular placed successful organization in the hands of employees who personally felt part of and believed in the reasons the organization exists. The reason for existence must be holistic and satisfy employee need to be content and valuable; it must deliver meaningful products, services, events and growth. Importantly, as Deming described in his writing about paradigms (holistic models), the organization must allow both for restorative and rapid change. The metaphor: If the tree is in its earlier years, perhaps there should be a plan to sustain the tree’s health with nutrients, pesticides and good environment; maybe remove faltering limbs. If the tree has grown older, perhaps it is time to invest in a new tree planted nearby to take over when the old tree is dying. Deming’s point being that a paradigm shift must begin outside the old organization.

When planning has not taken into account the subtle but growing dysfunction, and does not invest in a new reason to move forward accordingly, the organization reaches extreme dysfunction with no way to let go of old dependencies and step over to new paradigms.

Interestingly, the slow transition of US governments to newer, contemporary paradigms was disrupted. Instead, the old paradigm was reinforced but with artificial reasons for existence and did not consider visible political shifts that had been growing since Jack Kennedy was President. It didn’t help that Jack, Martin and Bobby were assassinated in close order.[1] Living in that year, the shutdown of momentum toward a new age was palpable. The Reagan patch delayed and worsened the old paradigm’s ability to have a slow transition to newer governance and predetermined that in 2016 the US would have seventeen republican candidates for president, a liberal democratic candidate who represented the established paradigm and a populist progressive candidate. Further, one of the republicans is a populist nonpolitician – all of them facing a runaway oligarchy, a hollow Federal Government, and an oppressed citizen class. The core of the nation’s purpose is in shambles.

The mariner believes certain behaviors occur during changes in cultural demand. One of the last to occur is populism, when the old paradigm has hung around too long. Populism also occurs when social pressure has nowhere to discharge and generates enmity. The idea of democracy, as it emerged over a few centuries, was to prevent enmity. It is easy to see that power over others grows stronger over time; the core purpose is compromised. This is the state of affairs in 2016. Who is opposed to term limits – a constraint that maintains the original role of a citizen statesman within in his own era? How could an 18th century racist bigot still hold an important role in a culture that has changed drastically over his 87 years (Jesse Helms)? The mariner’s flavor of term limits is based on age rather than terms. He suggests not being eligible for office if the official passes the age of 60 during that term.

Political parties, they are not government agencies, play the role of a charlatan automobile mechanic. The parties, in just a short amount of time, try to put the party choices in elected positions hoping to fix things better from the party’s perspective. In 2016, the primary/caucus voter has virtually no democratic role; it is a false vote. It is party politicians who maintain control with loosely bound “delegates” – the voter’s delegate may represent the voter’s choice but by the time delegates vote for delegates who vote for delegates, the odds are against the original voter’s choice ever being represented – especially in times of active change.

Power plays like gerrymandering, big money from who knows who, corporate ownership of representatives, and a plethora of financial privileges that are illegal for common citizens, well, one can imagine why populism has emerged.

REFERENCE SECTION

Leave it to LiveScience to throw quick facts at the reader that will provoke new inquisitiveness. The web site has a feature called “50 things you didn’t know about….” There’s a feature focused on the Earth that blows some dust off old information. See: http://www.livescience.com/19102-amazing-facts-earth.html?li_source=LI&li_medium=most-popular

Dedicated watchers of cable news will notice that the new phrase used by correspondents, and which spreads across channels as fast as a plague, is, “….That being said…” Fortunately, the abuse of the word “existentially” is on the wane.

Ancient Mariner

[1] When Ronald Reagan was elected in 1981, he and his kitchen cabinet put together a list of 10-12 policies that would draw influence away from populist control of political processes. This was the beginning of the mini-republican age that dominates at the present time.

Leftovers

Every American alive for sixty years or more has subconsciously experienced being poorer year after year after year. It has been accomplished slowly and unnoticeably through inflation, flat salaries, poor personal savings rates, more expensive products, immoral flow of profits to the top, disappearing union agreements, reduced retirement and employee profit sharing, disappearing job opportunities, and lack of growth in funding of discretionary government programs. The premise of the article in Atlantic cited below asks a simple question:

If you had to raise $400 in cash today without fail, could you do it? The article says nearly half of all Americans would be unable to do it.

http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2016/05/my-secret-shame/476415/

REFERENCE SECTION

  • Caution/construction. Apologies from the mariner as he tries to implement any number of operations that engage readers. If you need special instruction, the mariner will provide it to you.
  • While on apologies, the mariner misquoted a source. He has cited the book many times but had to draw it from the shelf to correct himself. The book was referenced in the post Whence Jobs? Christianity and the Encounter of the World Religions by Paul Tillich – not Methodist – Lutheran. Copyright 1965 by Columbia University Press, ISBN 63758.
  • Ready for some hard thinking while you postulate meaning from the Stephen Hawking proposal: Black Holes open to different universes on the other side.
  • Does each universe have its own God? Life? Does light travel at the same speed? Are these universes larger or smaller? Do they have their own Stephen Hawking? Accepting the premise may fit our own big bang experience as a black hole first reached black hole status. Further, space is so elastic it is no measure of any form of linear measurement. Mariner made up a physics joke that fell flat on his high school track mates: Did you know that if you run a hundred yard dash at the speed of light, you need only run fifty yards? Yes, fell flat here, too.
  • The mariner clipped this website from an article related to evolution about the evolving features of Darwin’s finches. It serves only to point out that you and the mariner both are evolving, too – generation by generation – and for what adjustment? See: http://www.nature.com/news/evolution-of-darwin-s-finches-tracked-at-genetic-level-1.19795 . In the 1970’s, a cartoonist once depicted our future hand to become one large, dominate finger for pushing buttons, a useless stub of a little finger, a ring finger that looked like a little finger, a normal middle finger for assisting the elongated thumb which had grown a muscle on it, to grab things.

Ancient Mariner

Whence Jobs?

Guru has been catching mariner’s attention more frequently, predicting a significant shift in economic growth and a change in the definition of what “job” means. For the first mariner comment on the future of work, see the post, “The Future of Work III – When Jobs will End. July 12, 2015.” Significant credit for that post’s analysis is due to an article published in Atlantic, August 2015.

Guru has been pointing out subtle events that don’t reach the front page but nevertheless identify trends in an economy that has been diminished, permanently, as computerization grows more capable and efficient at replacing human labor and even many vocations considered ‘specialized’ today; the mariner perceives that general practice lawyers will be replaced by a red box in McDonald’s. Further, the international corporate freedom to acquire even greater wealth with little control by national governments will further regionalize labor, technical and even top drawer scientists and executives, by relocating to the least expensive nation who also packages benefits – making ‘jobs’ at any level less expensive. Further, regionalization of work will create pockets of unemployment on a national scale for nations who do not in some manner restructure ways to create national income, e.g., steel workers: China won the contract to build Chicago’s new light rail system.

The mariner lived in Taiwan for awhile. He was impressed with a government and culture that kept small business operating by preventing horizontal or vertical business growth from expanding beyond small, often family run businesses. For example, it took three different small businesses to print large flyers: one to make paper, one to design and print the flyer, and one to finish the flyer in any manner required for distribution. Each operation was family owned. A large corporation was required to have the Taiwanese government own 51% of the Corporation. As a result of this policy, there were only two classes: the wealthy, who gained wealth slowly as their families climbed generation by generation and the working class which seems low to Americans but there was no destitute or deprived underclass.

If one had a relative – even a cousin once removed – one had a job with the family’s business. The pay may not be the best but one had a role in generating income for and promoting the family, and had a source for room and board. Interestingly, Taiwan had no unemployment insurance but the government paid a rebate to the family business based on gross taxable income for the ‘business.’ The Taiwanese economy is greatly dependent on a culture of family-based income models which avoids an elaborate, form-driven individual ‘welfare’ dole. Needless to say, it took 3,000 years of separate cultural development for Taiwan to develop and sustain a family economy; perhaps the West can never evolve away from its capitalistic, individual, wealth-based society.

At the time, Taiwan was the seventh wealthiest nation in the world in terms of assets per capita. The assets underwrote the Bernie Sanders model: controlled corporate and income taxes, free health, free education through graduate school, fairly distributed retirement, and – in a fashion unfamiliar with American job description, assured close to full employment. Avoiding the disruption of both Bernie and Donald, the government held tight control of trade agreements. If an island nation of less than 24m Taiwanese can do it, why can’t the United States?

When it comes to economics and fair profit from a nation’s economy, capitalism is more interested in unfair profit. Even a hint of socialist attitude is anathema to capitalism. The mariner first read about capitalism as a competitive religion to Christianity’s morality. It was in a book written by Methodist pastor Paul Tillich at a time when it was a new thought to call certain governments ‘religions.’ Written in 1961, the title is Christianity and the World Religions. The reader may find it in an old section of a library; it also may be purchased through an Internet search engine.

With capitalism still in charge of the most capitalistic culture and most capitalistic nation in the world, citizens have a long road ahead before the culture shifts enough to redefine jobs and the economy. International corporations already see change coming and are spreading themselves over as many economies as possible so that no one nation can draw from their profits to support a socialist or Christian responsibility.

The world must gravitate more toward international unification to have the clout to care for their citizens.

REFERENCE SECTION

It seems almost hackneyed to mention it but the mariner recommends becoming comfortably familiar with the economics and the culture of Denmark. It is the most successful model in the world to transition from top down politics to a stable and successful democratic socialism. Americans will be proud to know the citizens overthrew the government!!

Ancient Mariner

Caution – Philosophical Subject: May be Boring

The mariner is not a sage pol. The mariner is neither democrat nor republican. He will concede that sometimes his political philosophy appears socialistic – but not like Bernie or Robert Owen or Albert Einstein or Bertrand Russell. It is true that socialism is driven by an idea centered on universal equality and assured fairness. However, socialism is a humanist philosophy.

Perhaps the mariner is a Universalist, that is, a believer in the natural law of the universe. It was Socrates and his progeny Plato who determined natural law.

We live in an orderly universe. At the base of this orderly universe or nature are the forms, most fundamentally the Form of the Good, which Plato describes as “the brightest region of Being”. The Form of the Good is the cause of all things and when it is seen it leads a person to act wisely. In the Symposium, the Good is closely identified with the Beautiful. Also in the Symposium, Plato describes how the experience of the Beautiful by Socrates enables him to resist the temptations of wealth and sex. In the Republic, the ideal community is, “…a city which would be established in accordance with nature.”

“The Form of the Good” is the foundation of every religion’s ethical framework. Ancient Buddhist writings described The Form of the Good to be a sensation generated within the brain. As mentioned in the previous paragraph, Plato further described a sensation of unity with the universe. In modern times, Joseph Campbell describes The Form of the Good as a transcendent experience where one’s state of Being escapes duality[1] to be at one with the universe. In Christianity this experience is simultaneous with death and passing out of this dimensional world.

The mariner extends humanist philosophy to include environmental respect and equality. The universe, by any definition – from stars and planets to any indigenous existence including weather, planetary forces, biomes and creatures – is part of the universe and is granted equal influence in Homo sapiens’ unity with the universe via The Form of the Good.

Ancient Mariner

[1] See yin yang and western definitions at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialectical_monism#Principles

Of the People

In response to the disassembled nature of society and war in 1770 to 1815, the founding fathers achieved a new form of government “of the people, by the people, and for the people.” To be assured that “of the people, by the people and for the people” prevailed, the fathers created three branches of Federal Government: Executive, Legislative (with two houses), and a Supreme Court. Further, the fathers kept the power to make money, fight wars, impose taxes and officiate over foreign treaties. Everything else more or less was left to the parochial wisdom of the states. To elect candidates for the Presidency, a democracy is required to allow citizens to vote for their preferred candidate. However, states were left to devise their own methods for deciding who their favored candidates may be. This created a party system and, while each state was free to have its own selection methods, a national party was responsible to have a runoff vote at a party national convention.

Along the way, the National Government added citizen rights, adjusted roles of the branches of government, and begrudgingly accommodated civil rights to citizens of color. But for sure, it has never overseen how a state elects favorite sons. An unintended effect, perhaps not, is that state election procedures for President serve as a front line defense for the “establishment” as it is identified in the current campaign. It is virtually impossible for populist campaigns to acquire a party majority. The 2016 election campaign is truly unique in that is has three populist campaigns who lead two establishment campaigns in citizen voting: The democrats have Bernie Sanders (a democratic socialist); the republicans have Ted Cruz (religious authority) and Donald Trump, (a populist). Each of these populist campaigns draw unusually large audiences to their events, yet while all three are popular in their following, they have a difficult time converting popularity to political clout.

In his colorful but often blunt way, Donald expressed his frustration clearly. “Look at Bernie Sanders,” he said, “Every morning you hear the headline: Bernie wins but Bernie loses; Bernie wins but Bernie loses, Bernie wins but Bernie loses… the primary/caucus system is crooked!” Actually, as a representation of state citizenry, it isn’t so much crooked as unconnected to popular vote. Citizens in the states have their preferred candidate but if that candidate isn’t qualified by arbitrary rules, any votes for that preferred candidate are thrown out. To further burden the process, if the citizens still want to participate, they must select another candidate thereby inflating the second candidate’s numbers – without underlying actual preference by the citizens who initially preferred another candidate.

There are many arguments for these questionably unfair and highly politicized delegates. Two million citizens cannot go to a convention; by using delegates to reduce attendees, ferret out dozens of minor candidates, and to have rules that free delegates after one vote, it is possible to identify one person who will win the party’s nomination. So doing, a Presidential nominee quite likely can be elected within a reasonable time.

However, the independent freedom of a state allows it to nominate a favorite son in any way imaginable: Indiana Governor Mike Pence appointed all 57 delegates, prominent republicans, well before the primary vote – the prominent question is why hold an election? Mississippi and Alabama close select voting centers to minimize black and college voter turnout; many southern states have made voter identification difficult and confusing; several states have secondary requirements like winning targeted Congressional Districts before delegates can be assigned to a candidate. But what makes delegates irrelevant to citizen opinion is that delegates in no way represent the popular state election. When one listens to old pols, they find nothing wrong with ignoring the popular vote; primaries don’t vote for candidates, they vote for delegates. The two are not associated with election percentages.

The overall effect of this folderol – an original fear that colonies would hesitate to join the Union, has turned into a political tool to prevent change to the “establishment.” The fact that three strong populist campaigns are demonstrating for change indicates to the mariner that something needs to be changed in American Governments. On April 18, however, Bernie will lose to Hillary (an establishment avatar) and in the final stand down, we have a Choice between Hillary, Ted, a tea party conservative or Donald – a man of the people – wise or not.

Mariner believes that populist movements don’t occur until genuine, longstanding abuse is imposed by the governments and by abusive backers supporting those governments. It looks like 2016 populist movements will have little effect on the manner of governance. Maybe next time. Donald’s implication of violence may have more influence in 2020 – which is our first chance to depoliticize redistricting. Where is Joan when you need her?

Ancient Mariner

In case you feel you are not perfect

The mariner is preoccupied with spring gardens and major landscaping. Consequently, posts may be irregular. If you have difficulty viewing the Blog of the Ancient Mariner, write a short descriptive phrase in an email to skipper@iowa-mariner.com . If you feel a need to reply to a post, please do so! Mariner enjoys feedback.

The website will change over the summer to provide more reader options and promote the forum as a way to discuss posts and other reader contributions including communication directly between readers.

….

Mariner has mentioned a number of times that his father, a sociology professor, enjoyed collecting pop psychology tests and interpretations. He admitted that pop psychology was easily misinterpreted and provided insights that were entertaining conversation starters but quickly failed to measure a sound profile. In truth, he felt that general personality tests, even ones with serious scientific purpose, cause more trouble than knowledge gained. He had an especially poor opinion of the Myers-Briggs test that is widely used by businesses as a way to encourage compatibility and interaction, knowing that everyone is special but different.

Many readers have taken the Myers-Briggs test where they work. Test takers learn about all sixteen characteristics that make up humankind. When a new individual learns their four-letter description of themselves and has been enlightened as to how everyone is valuable but different, that individual should be sensitive to how others communicate and contribute to the common good – this is not what happens. Before the end of the day, the four-letter score becomes a condescending characteristic; it is a bat to belittle others – always implying incompetence. A typical conversation may be:

“So. What’s your type?”

“I’m an ISPF.” (artistic person)

“Oh, wow. Does your supervisor know? I mean, your job is awfully mechanical. I’m an ENTJ; that’s a corner score (the four scores at the four corners of the chart have special leadership talent).”

Another one mariner heard at one of his management training seminars:

“Never mind, you’re an ISFJ, you wouldn’t understand.”[1]

Nevertheless, the mariner’s father used his classes to try out various personality tests. He came to the conclusion that personality tests used for self improvement work much better if they aren’t public. The test should be introspective rather than comparative. He gave the following test to his classes many times. The questions are designed so that the question itself implies a standard to be approximated. Your score is determined by your deviation from the expectation of the question and, importantly, your own reaction to the deviation. The test triggers internal measurements which, if you reduce deviation, may help you be a happier and more confident person.

  1. What daily habit do you perform that makes you happy?
  2. What daily habit do you perform that clearly is one you would prefer not to do?
  3. On a typical day, do you have contact with at least three people you enjoy who are not in your family?
  4. With how many best friends do you still have regular contact from secondary school days?
  5. Each day, what important responsibility do you avoid?
  6. Do you participate in two civic/religious organizations each week?
  7. Do you meet with a group of eight active good friends each week?
  8. Do you have a job you enjoy?
  9. Do you spend one hour each week visiting non-family patients in a medical facility, retirement home or shut-in?
  10. Do you have a conversation with and touch or hug every family member each day?

 

  1. If applicable, do you have sufficient sex each week?
  2. Do you have physical activity that requires three aerobic hours each week?
  3. Do you take twenty minutes each day meditating or doing some restful activity?
  4. Do you think you’re fat?
  5. Have you had a physical examination in the last six months?
  6. Do you take a small trip every month to explore or participate in pleasurable activities?
  7. Have you taken at least a week’s vacation in the last six months or if retired, have you deliberately changed your daily routine to include new experiences and learning?
  8. Looking back on the questions so far, have you dismissed any question for any reason? Tell yourself why.
  9. Do you regularly play a musical instrument, sing in a choir or regularly attend music events or participate in performing arts?
  10. Has it been more than five years since you enrolled in an education, hobby, or trade skills class?

 

  1. Is debating with others more satisfying than being compatible?
  2. Do you feel others want to include you in your friend circle activities at every opportunity?
  3. Are you often skeptical of other people’s opinions and decisions?
  4. Do you receive two non-family calls or visits every day?
  5. Do you readily take charge even if not asked?
  6. Are you frequently slovenly when in public?
  7. Do others think you tend to talk incessantly? A clue is that others always end your conversations.
  8. Is it important for others to look up to you – or for you to look down on them?
  9. Do you watch the news on television every day or read a newspaper every day?
  10. Do you feel competent when you seek person-to-person contact with someone you’ve never met?

Having finished all the questions, return to each question. Without having a conversation with others, review your answers. More importantly, how did you feel about your answers? Note if you had a tinge of guilt, moral obligation, avoidance, or feeling a need to improve. The test is intended to help you improve your attitude, personal lifestyle, basic health, and your interpersonal qualities.

It seems an odd test but the mariner’s father said this test provoked more substantive discussion in class than any other – which he thought was a good sign that the test touched on self personality analysis in a non-threatening way.

Ancient Mariner

[1] See http://www.myersbriggs.org/my-mbti-personality-type/mbti-basics/the-16-mbti-types.htm for a description of the 16 types.

Nuance

The mariner has noticed, albeit casually over time, that one’s expressions seem to gravitate toward absolute values. He noticed this while watching a television show where a couple had to decide which of three houses they wanted to purchase. As the couple toured the three homes, both partners were wont to say, “I love this,” or “I hate this.” Yet, later in the show, these extreme terms were compromised in the final decision the couple had to make. Perhaps such extreme expression was a sign of undue prejudice – a desire to keep the world simple but at the loss of open-mindedness.

What if we consciously tempered our feelings by expressing a degree of appreciation or dissatisfaction rather than going for the absolute hate or love about what are actually mundane preferences. Would it hurt to say, “That’s nice but I would like to see something more green?” Studied measurement reflects a person who is capable of making a refined judgment without succumbing to an internalized and polarized opinion that has no ability to measure qualities other than egocentric comfort. Instead of saying “I hate that candidate,” would we have more self control, perhaps even empathy if we said, “I have some concern about that candidate.”

Speaking of candidates, Donald and Bernie have attracted followers – liberal and conservative – who have a common attitude: populism. Having populist followers is like owning two pit bull dogs. “Oh, they never bite; we even let the kids rough-house with them.” That may be the case. In fact, a tenant once had two pit bulls that were as friendly as puppies and always pleased to see the mariner but one can’t help seeing a judgmental attitude about them; Pit bulls tend not to have much reaction time between happy and attacking. Sort of like saying, “I hate/love that house” and “I hate/love the government.” Like pit bulls (or any pack of dogs), if one attacks they all attack. Populists require less provocation to incite mob rule.

Similar to a pack of dogs and those who say only “love” or hate,” populists are prone to over reacting and on the spur of the moment make foolhardy decisions that are untenable in principle. Remember when California’s citizens revolted against increasing property taxes by passing Proposition 13 driving the state to the edge of bankruptcy? Remember when KKK groups would hang African Americans for mundane behavior? Or our older relatives practiced genocide on Native Americans? Today, ISIS has vicious, torturous reactions very much like pit bulls. The US will never avoid wars until its culture adopts a more contemplative sense of self.

Still, as to followers of Donald and Bernie, someone has to attack capitalist greed and legislative incompetence….

REFERENCE SECTION

Many readers are from The Mississippi River Valley or the Ohio River valley – the center of US agriculture. A reader may either enjoy or be irritated by the following pass along. Nevertheless, mariner is entertained by devout republican capitalist farmers who cling to their liberal, even socialist farm subsidies:

From an article, “Spoilin’ The Broth”, by Bill Cook, in the Rockdale ( Texas ) Reporter dated February 11, 2016.

A letter to the U.S. Secretary of Agriculture from Jimmy Henry of Broken Arrow, OK –

Dear Sir:   My friends, Wayne and Janelle over at Wichita Falls, received a check the other day for $1,000 from the government for not raising hogs.  So, I want to go into the not raising hogs business.

I need to know your opinion on what is the best breed of hogs not to raise.  I want to be sure that I approach this venture in keeping with all government guidelines.  I would prefer not to raise Razorbacks, but if that is not a good breed to not raise, then I can just as easily not raise Yorkshires or Durocs.

As I see it, the hardest part of this program will be keeping an accurate inventory of how many hogs I am not raising.  My friend Wayne is excited about the future of this business.  He has been raising hogs for 20 years and the most he ever made was $422 in 1988, until this year when he got your check for $1000 for not raising hogs.

If I get $1,000 for not raising 50 hogs, will I get $2,000 for not raising 100?  I plan to operate on a small scale at first, holding myself down to about 4,000 which will give me $80,000 income the first year.  Then I can afford to buy an airplane.

Another thing, these hogs I’m not raising will not eat 100,000 bushels of corn.  I understand that you also pay farmers for not raising corn and wheat.  Will I qualify for payments for not raising wheat and corn not to feed the 4,000 hogs I am not going to raise?

I want to get started not feeding as soon as possible as this seems to be a good time of year to not raise hogs and grain.  I’m also considering the not-milking-cows business so please send me any information you might have on that.

I assume that the government will consider me to be unemployed from all this non-production, so I plan to file for unemployment and food stamps.

I eagerly await your reply,

Sincerely yours,

Jimmy Henry Henry Farms Broken Arrow, OK

  • Sometimes mariner is embarrassed by the inhumane pursuit of profit extracted from the bottom of the job market. He has insight into what indenture was like in the early days of industrialism. See:

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/10/nyregion/at-nail-salons-in-nyc-manicurists-are-underpaid-and-unprotected.html?CID=4QXQY&nlid=74363051&_r=0

Ancient Mariner

CYBELE

There was enough curiosity about Cybele: What is it? Who is it? How do you say it? Why is it a holiday?…. The mariner decided to do an old fashioned treatise about Cybele as a way to cover all the questions. First information: Cybele is pronounced like the last two syllables in “possibly” with an added but diminished “uh” inbetween, SIB’uh lee.

There was a period of time from about 7500 BCE until 4000 BCE when human civilization began to show signs of organized thought, that is, something that looked like it may be perception beyond naturalism, perception beyond anthropomorphism. The first challenge to be answered was, “Where did all these people come from?” “How did they get here?” Without science, the only answers were myths.

The earliest religions evolved from these primitive myths to be followed by modern western religions that emerged from about 550 BCE until 500 CE. It is interesting to note how similar, even today, the rites, holidays, theologies, behaviors and celebrations continue.

Cybele ˈsɪbᵻliː/Sib’uh-lee /Phrygian_language “Phrygian Matarubileya/Kubeleya (“Kubeleyan Mother”, perhaps “Mountain Mother”). She is Phrygia’s only known goddess, and probably was its only state deity. Cybele represented nature, weather, seasons – all things environmental, including procreation.

In antiquity, c6000 BCE, Phrygia was a kingdom in the west central part of Anatolia, in what is now Turkey, centered on the Sakarya River. Phrygia was a region of Anatolia whose people spoke Phrygian. Its main cities included Ancyra and Gordium. Phrygia included the Troad, whose main city was Troy. The early Phrygians were fishermen; Phrygia gained prominence only after the 8th century BCE during the Hellenistic period, when the area was settled by Gallic Galatians and renamed Galatia.
6000bc Cybele
Photograph. Seated Mother Goddess of Çatal Hüyük: the head is a restoration. The Seated Woman of Çatalhöyük (also Çatal Hüyük) is a baked-clay, nude female form, seated between feline-headed arm-rests. It is generally thought to depict a corpulent and fertile Mother Goddess in the process of giving birth. Cybele may have evolved from an Anatolian Mother Goddess of a type found at Çatalhöyük, dated to the 6th millennium BCE.

 

MYTH
According to myth, Cybele loved a shepherd named Attis. Because Attis was unfaithful, she drove him insane. Overcome by madness, Attis castrated himself and died. This drove Cybele into great mourning, and it introduced death into the natural world. But then Cybele restored Attis to life, an event that also brought the world of nature back to life.

Attis’s return to life took the form of his being changed into an evergreen tree – the basic idea underlying the myth is the annual vegetation cycle in spring when nature comes to life. Eventually, the Attis myth became an annual event in which worshipers shared in Attis’s “immortality.” Each spring the followers of Cybele would mourn for the dead Attis in acts of fasting and flagellation. By 300 CE, the Romans had Romanized Cybele, now mother of all gods, into a lavish celebration of eating and merriment (Does the reader recognize the word ‘celebration, celebrity’ from the Latin ‘celebrare’ or the name Sybyl, varients: Sybil, Cybil, Sibil; Sybella from Greek Sibulla”Σιβυλλα (Sibylla), meaning “prophetess”? And ‘sibling’ – archaic ‘god sibling’ transforming to Goddaughter and Godson?)

FESTIVALS AND CULTS

Festivals and cults in this document are limited to common practices in order to shorten the document and to clarify relationships to other modern practices. Christian similarities are noted. Throughout early centuries, Cybele was a Goddess in Anatopia (sixth century BCE) and was adopted by Phrygia and Greece (sixth century BCE), and Rome (218 to 201 BCE when Rome officially adopted her cult during the Second Punic War after dire prodigies, including a meteor shower, a failed harvest and famine seemed to warn of Rome’s imminent defeat).

In Greece, as in Phrygia, she was a “Mistress of animals” with her mastery of the natural world expressed by the lions that flank her, sit in her lap or draw her chariot. After a short period of time in Rome, Cybele’s origin was reinterpreted as Magna Mater (“Great Mother”). The Roman State adopted and developed a particular form of her cult after the sibyline oracle recommended her conscription as a key religious component in Rome’s second war against Carthage. Cybele’s Roman mythographers reinvented her as a Trojan goddess, and thus an ancestral goddess of the Roman people by way of the Trojan prince Aeneas. With Rome’s eventual hegemony over the Mediterranean world, Romanized forms of Cybele’s role spread throughout the Roman Empire. Cybele’s special holiday was Megalisia.220px-Cybele_Getty_Villa_57_AA_19

Photograph. Cybele enthroned, with lion, cornucopia and Mural crown. Roman marble, c. 50 CE.

The role of Cybele exists today, especially in the Holy Roman Catholic Church, as Mary, Mother of God. In particular the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, and Eastern Catholic Church, Mary plays a more active role in liturgy. Its literal English translations include “God-bearer”, “Birth-Giver of God” and “the one who gives birth to God.” Less accurate translations include the primarily Western title “Mother of God” (Latin: Mater Dei). One of the more serious debates at the Nicene Council in 325 CE was whether God was the ultimate creator (as in definitions of the Trinity) or, because God and Jesus were of one spirit and Jesus was of human form, it follows that a human had to create God (Greek term: Theotókos.) The Trinity interpretation prevailed. The mariner speculates that at the Nicene Council, Christianity became a wholly paternalistic religion. From the book by Alice Lucy Trent: “….overwhelming historical evidence that the world’s earliest civilizations (covering the vast majority of earth’s history) were feminine in orientation, religious, social, and political.” Just as with the Roman Empire, Cybele was reduced in power from creating all things to one of significant recognition as Mother of Gods but not as the creator of all things. Until the Nicene Conference, Mary, AKA Cybele, had a role similar to the Iroquois Confederacy (American Indian’s creator Mother Earth plus female dominance in daily culture); in Sumatra, Minangkabau view women as the foundation of life and, therefore, the foundation of the entire social order.

[[ Cybele can be considered an influence on both the Old Testament and the New Testament and seasonal Christian rituals because Roman versions of rituals, including Cybele’s, were practiced in the Middle East at the same time that early New Testament documents were written. Further, on his second visit, around 50 CE, Paul spent three years proselytizing in Antioch and other large cities. It was in Antioch that the term “Christian” is used for the first time.

It may be serendipitous to the future of Christianity that Greeks, Jews, and Assyrian Semites – who still reflected Anatolian culture – had large populations in western Turkey and southern Greece during the Roman Empire; Rome contributed a common government and a common cultural perspective and a governance model referencing citizens, senators, Trumpian emperors and employed illegal immigrants also known as slaves. The Roman style of government still dominates the western world; the mix of common ancient mythologies, Indo-European language, familiarity with rituals about Greek and Roman gods, Judaism – all of which evolved from Anatolian culture – virtually mandated that Christianity would move to the west and reflect similar celebratory styles. The Holy Roman Catholic Church still reflects a mythological model similar to the Pantheon.

One can’t help but find similarities across the centuries. For example, the introduction of death by Cybele and eating the forbidden fruit in Genisus 3; mourn for the dead Attis in acts of fasting and flagellation around Easter dates AKA asking forgiveness and rebirth and the season of Lent; the celebration of spring through all the ages has been present in some form from early Antonian castrations to Roman high-dollar orgies; the female role of creating life and managing nature is similar to the Iroquois Confederacy that was not on the path of religion in the Middle East; the strong gravitation throughout of celebrating the seasons by associating them with early myths; finally, the similar requirement between Judism (Moses) Islam, (Mohammed), Christianity (Jesus), and Buddhism (Siddhārtha Gautama), to have an intermediary between man and God ]]

Looking back in the abstract, Cybele was the most influential “person” in Assyria, Greece, the Hittite Empire, Israel and intermediaries who lived on a truly fertile crescent. It is the same geography where humans first invented economic farming; it is the same geography and culture that produced Jesus, Mohammed and not far away, Buddha. Only a friendly, quite abundant Mother Nature would give Homo sapiens the time and energy to create a new iron age, farming, and three new religions.
Thanks to Cybele.

Location of Phrygia, Anatolia, Greece.

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Ancient Mariner